Jim Corbett National Park: The Historical Capital of the Royal Bengal Tiger
Jim Corbett National Park located in the northern state of Uttarakhand, is a prominent wildlife sanctuary with a rich historical significance especially known for its association with the Royal Bengal Tiger. The park covers an area of approximately 520 square kilometers. It features a diverse range of landscapes, including hills, riverine belts, marshy depressions, grasslands and a large lake known as the Ramganga Reservoir. The park is home to over 488 species of plants including sal forests, chir pine forests and mixed deciduous forests.
Early history of Jim Corbett National Park
Jim Corbett National Park, originally known as Hailey National Park has a rich and intriguing history dating back to its establishment in the early 20th century. The area that now comprises Jim Corbett National Park has been historically significant due to its dense forests and rich biodiversity. It was known for its wildlife, particularly the Bengal tiger which roamed freely across the region. In 1934, under the guidance of Major Ramsay who was instrumental in the early planning, a proposal was put forth to create a national park. The idea was to protect the habitat and ensure the survival of the tiger and other wildlife. On August 8, 1936, Hailey National Park was officially established making it the first national park in India. It covered an area of approximately 323.75 square kilometers. Jim Corbett, a British-Indian hunter, naturalist and author, played a crucial role in the establishment of the park. Known for his expertise in tracking and hunting man-eating tigers and leopards, Corbett was also a passionate conservationist.
India’s first tiger reserve and the Project Tiger
Jim Corbett National Park’s designation as India’s first tiger reserve and the launch site of Project Tiger marked a significant milestone in wildlife conservation. Project Tiger was launched on April 1, 1973, by the Government of India, with the aim of conserving the declining tiger population in the country. Jim Corbett National Park was chosen as the first site for Project Tiger, making it the first tiger reserve under the project. The primary objective was to ensure a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats, protecting them from extinction and preserving biodiversity. The project aimed to secure tiger habitats against degradation and human encroachment, ensuring sufficient prey base and water sources. Establishment of core areas (strictly protected habitats with minimal human interference) and buffer zones (areas with regulated human activities) to create a safe environment for tigers. Strengthening anti-poaching measures, including patrols, surveillance and stringent law enforcement to protect tigers from illegal hunting and trade. Project Tiger achieved early successes in stabilizing and increasing the tiger population in several reserves, including Jim Corbett National Park. The project expanded to include numerous other tiger reserves across India, now covering over 50 reserves spread across various states.
Tourism Activity at Jim Corbett National Park
Tourism activities at Jim Corbett National Park are designed to provide visitors with an immersive experience in one of India’s most renowned wildlife sanctuaries while promoting conservation awareness and sustainable practices. Jeep safaris are conducted twice a day – one in the early morning and another in the late afternoon. The park is divided into several zones, each offering unique landscapes and wildlife viewing opportunities. Popular zones include Dhikala, Bijrani, Jhirna, Durgadevi and Dhela. Safaris are guided by experienced naturalists who help visitors spot and identify various wildlife species including the elusive Bengal tiger, elephants, leopards and a plethora of bird species. Corbett Jungle Safari Tour bookings can be made online or at the park’s entry gates, but it is advisable to book in advance due to high demand.
