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Corbett National Park Flora

Corbett National Park Flora

The Jim Corbett National Park is blessed with a natural bounty in the form of distinct flora which comprises freshwater flora and alpine flora. Extending over an area of more than 521 square kilometres, the Corbett has a diverse floral count which is absolutely astonishing. The Various types of habitat in Corbett are occupied by Sal forests, Khair-Sisso forests, Mountains, Chaur, and rivers and streams that owe their distinct assemblage of plants. According to the Botanical Survey of India, Corbett has 600 species of plants - trees, shrubs, ferns, grass, climbers, herbs, and bamboo. These many distinct varieties of plant kingdom makes the national park a sought-after wildlife destination for those who wish to relax from their hectic schedule of working throughout the year. Being one of the richest homes of wild animals, the Jim Corbett National Park is rich in flora too. Also, more than 75% of the total area of the Corbett is dominated by Sal forests.

corbett flora

Trees :

Sal, Khair, and Sissoo are the most visible trees found in Corbett. Though, several other species contribute to the sound diversity of Jim Corbett are scattered throughout the park. Chir Pine is the only conifer found in the park. Some part of Corbett is dominated by Bamboo forests. The main species is Male Bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus) having clustered stout stems and shining papery stem sheaths. Bamboos follow a peculiar flowering process. All bamboos in a forest flower together at the same time once in several decades. After flowering, fruiting, and dispersal of seeds, all individuals die together.

corbett trees

Sal (Shorea robusta): Sal is the dominant tree species in the park and forms dense forests. It is highly valued for its timber and is one of the most economically significant tree species in India.

Khair (Acacia catechu): Khair, also known as catechu or black catechu, is a deciduous tree species found in the park. It has several traditional uses, including for medicinal purposes.

Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo): Sissoo is a fast-growing deciduous tree species found in the park. It is known for its durable wood and is often planted for its shade.

Bamboo (Bambusoideae): Various species of bamboo can be found in Corbett National Park. Bamboo is an important component of the park's ecosystem, providing food and habitat for several animal species.

Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana): Ber is a small deciduous tree species found in the park. It produces small, edible fruits and is also used for various medicinal purposes.

Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata): Kachnar is a flowering tree species found in the park. It is known for its beautiful pink and white flowers.

Amaltas (Cassia fistula): Amaltas, also known as the Indian laburnum, is a medium-sized deciduous tree species found in the park. It is known for its bright yellow flowers and is often planted for ornamental purposes.

Semal (Bombax ceiba): Semal, also known as silk cotton tree, is a tall deciduous tree species found in the park. It produces large red flowers and has a distinctive trunk with thorny spikes.

Chir Pine (Pinus roxburghii): Chir Pine is a coniferous tree species found in the higher elevations of the park. It forms open forests and is an important source of timber and resin.

Haldu (Adina cordifolia): Haldu is a medium-sized deciduous tree species found in the park. It has smooth, gray bark and produces small, fragrant flowers.

Flowering Trees :

Green is the fundamental colour of nature and a variety of flowering trees in Corbett lend that beautiful colour to the forests. The forests of the Corbett are dominated by numerous flowering plants, some of them can be named as Kachnar (Bauhinia Variegata) with white tom pink flowers, Semal (Bombax ceiba) with giant red blooms, Dhak or popularly called as the flame of the forest with bright and eye-pleasing orange flowers, Madaar or Indian Coral (Erythrinia indica) with red flowers and Amaltas (Cassia fistula) with bright yellow chandelier like blooms.

Though, some species of trees that do not occur naturally in the park have been artificially planted in and around the habitation of the park. These include Teak (Tectona grandis), Silver Oak (Gravillea robusta), Eucalyptus, Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosaefolia), and Bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis), and can be seen in and around forest rest houses inside the Corbett Tiger Reserve area.

corbett strub

Shrubs :

The Floor of the Corbett forest is also dominated by the several species of Ber (Zizyphus) found in open areas and is a boon for many birds and animals providing food and habitat to them. Maror Phali (Helicteres isora) is an easily noticeable shrub. If you look at the fruits of this amazing shrub, they are in the form of twisted spiralling pods. Jhau is a different kind of shrub found along the Ramganga basin on sandy or rocky soil.

Bamboo :

It is quite interesting to explore the vegetation types of Corbett National Park. We find that some of the Corbett vegetation is covered with bamboo forests. The main species existing is named Male bamboo having clustered stout stems and shining papery stem sheaths.